Publication of the Month

Publication of the Month | February 2008

Authors: Koji Tomiyama, Noriko Murase, Donna Beer Stolz, Hideyoshi Toyokawa, Daniel R. O'Donnell, Darren M. Smith, Jason R. Dudas, J. Peter Rubin and Kacey G. Marra
Title: Characterization of Transplanted Green Fluorescent Protein+ Bone Marrow Cells into Adipose Tissue
Summary: Following transplantation of green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labeled bone marrow (BM) into irradiated, wild-type Sprague-Dawley rats, propagated GFP_ cells migrate to adipose tissue compartments. To determine the relationship between GFP_ BM-derived cells and tissue-resident GFP_cells on the stem cell population of adipose tissue, we conducted detailed immunohistochemical analysis of chimeric whole fat compartments and subsequently isolated and characterized adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) from GFP_BM chimeras. In immunohistochemistry, a large fraction of GFP_ cells in adipose tissue were strongly positive for CD45 and smooth muscle actin and were evenly scattered around the adipocytes and blood vessels, whereas all CD45_ cells within the blood vessels were GFP_. A small fraction of GFP_ cells with the mesenchymal marker CD90 also existed in the perivascular area. Flow cytometric and immunocytochemical analyses showed that cultured ASCs were CD45_/CD90_/CD29_. There was a significant difference in both the cell number and phenotype of the GFP_ ASCs in two different adipose compartments, the omental (abdominal) and the inguinal (subcutaneous) fat pads; a significantly higher number of GFP_/CD90_ cells were isolated from the subcutaneous depot as compared with the abdominal depot. The in vitro adipogenic differentiation of the ASCs was achieved; however, all cells that had differentiated were GFP. Based on phenotypical analysis, GFP_ cells in adipose tissue in this rat model appear to be of both hematopoietic and mesenchymal origin; however, infrequent isolation of GFP_ ASCs and their lack of adipogenic differentiation suggest that the contribution of BM to ASC generation might be minor.
Source: Stem Cells 2008;26;330-338; originally published online Nov 1, 2007; DOI: 10.1634/stemcells. 2007-0567

2008

January
Authors: Bo Zheng, Baohong Cao, Mihaela Crisan, Bin Sun, Guangheng Li, Alison Logar, Solomon Yap, Jonathan B Pollett, Lauren Drowley, Theresa Cassino, Burhan Gharaibeh, Bridget M Deasy, Johnny Huard & Bruno Péault
Title: Prospective Identification of Myogenic Endothelial Cells in Human Skeletal Muscle
Summary: This manuscript documents anatomic, molecular and developmental relationships between endothelial and myogenic cells within human skeletal muscle. Cells coexpressing myogenic and endothelial cell markers (CD56, CD34, CD144) were identified by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. These myoendothelial cells regenerate myofibers in the injured skeletal muscle of severe combined immunodeficiency mice more effectively than CD56+ myogenic progenitors. They proliferate long term, retain a normal karyotype, are not tumorigenic and survive better under oxidative stress than CD56+ myogenic cells. Clonally derived myoendothelial cells differentiate into myogenic, osteogenic and chondrogenic cells in culture. Myoendothelial cells are amenable to biotechnological handling, including purification by flow cytometry and long-term expansion in vitro, and may have potential for the treatment of human muscle disease.
Source: Nature Biotechnology 25, 1025 - 1034 (2007)

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